Sudanese Food الطعام السوداني

 

Sudan is the widest African state, situated in the North-East Africa. The natural space of Sudan is characterized by tropical forests, steppes and savannas, but there are also a lot of lakes and rivers in the Southern areas; in this region, the fish is the most frequent meal.
Sudanese cuisine has been changing and evolving gradually, but most of the dishes remain simple and natural. The most common elements are Wheat, Beef and sheep meat, tomatoes, sesame seeds (Sudan is a great exporter of sesame) and rice.
An important evolution is spices. The basic spices, like the peppers or garlic were brought in Sudan by the Arab and Syrian traders and settlers who established in Sudan during the Turkish rule. Besides the spices, the Arabians also introduced some of the veggies and fruits that are used today in Sudan, but unknown in this country before these influences.
Sudanese cuisine has various influences, but none of them is dominating the regional culinary cultures. Among these, there is the Egyptian cuisine, the Ethiopian and the Turkish one (meatballs, pastries and spices), but there are also numerous dishes that are specific to all Arabian nations.

 Sudanese Food and Drink

Eating in Sudan is an exciting and rich experience. Food in Sudan has many different styles with thousands of great restaurants in all the major cities and towns of Sudan. All of them seem to boast about one chef or another, which is good, but for most of us we want to get down to eating. In addition, food in Khartoum and other Sudanese tourist resorts is not restricted to traditional Sudanese delights. Cuisine from all over the world can be found in Sudan, including Asian, Indian, Middle Eastern, and other international tastes. Fast food chains are rising in popularity due to convenience and their family oriented style.

Food in Daily Life;-

The day usually begins with a cup of tea. Breakfast is eaten in the mid- to late morning, generally consisting of beans, salad, liver, and bread. Millet is the staple food, and is prepared as a porridge called asida or a flat bread called kisra. Vegetables are prepared in stews or salads. Ful, a dish of broad beans cooked in oil, is common, as are cassavas and sweet potatoes. Nomads in the north rely on dairy products and meat from camels. In general, meat is expensive and not often consumed. Sheep are killed for feasts or to honor a special guest. The intestines, lungs, and liver of the animal are prepared with chili pepper in a special dish called marara.

Cooking is done in the courtyards outside the house on a tin grill called a kanoon, which uses charcoal as fuel. 

 

Food Customs at Ceremonial Occasions:-
At the Eid al-Adha, the Feast of the Great Sacrifice, it is customary to kill a sheep, and to give part of the meat to people who cannot afford it themselves. The Eid al-Fitr, or Breaking of the Ramadan Fast, is another joyous occasion, and involves a large family meal. The birthday of the Prophet Muhammad is primarily a children's holiday, celebrated with special desserts: pink sugar dolls and sticky sweets made from nuts and sesame seeds.

 Molah Roab

Asidah

Kessra (Traditional beard)

Zeer Sudanese traditional freeze

Falafel طعميه 

How to make Falafel   طريقة عمل الطعميه

 Sudanese Soup and Mahshy

Religion is a very important part of their life and culture. There are a number of important religious celebrations in Sudan: the Ramadan, Eid al-fitr, Eid-al Adha, and Christmas. Ramadan is a long period of fasting (30 days), when people don’t eat or drink anything between sunrise and sunset. That is why, when Ramadan ends, Sudanese people refer to the following period as Eid al-Fitr, colloquially known as Eid al-sag'eer (the small Eid). Still, at nighttime, there are generous feasts and meals during the Ramadan, which include sah'ur, a meal taken in the late night.

Alhomoer

 

On the other major religious holiday, Eid al-Adha (known as Eid al-kabir, or the big Eid), which takes place during Hajj, all the families sacrifice a sheep. Other calibrations in Sudan include Moulid Al Nabi or The Prophet’s Birthday and it is mainly celebrated with a lot of sweets and refreshments in the central town areas. The Spring Holiday, locally known as Sham Al Nassim is connected to the Egyptian culture and celebrates the spring. On this occasion, picnics are very frequent on the river coasts. Christmas is celebrated on the 25th of December each year, the majority of Christians are from the southern regions of the country. 

 Eid Prayers

                                                                          Women prayer

Hospitality

Sudanese people are very hospitable people, who like a lot having and serving guests. When a guest arrives for dinner, the host offers him a small glass of orange or grapefruit juice, to start the appetite and to welcome him to the family, after his long and exhausting journey. Also, if someone is considered a very important guest, a sheep will be sacrificed in his honor and then many delicious dishes will be prepared. The Sudanese people are gifted with creativity, cooking skills and with a range of culinary possibilities that includes rice, sesame, sheep and Beef. The Sudanese people carried on the traditions through their cooking and all participated to the cultural Sudanese cuisine. Sudanese people are in touch with the nature and all its elements. They take all the elements that the nature has shown them and prepare innovating mixes, special dips, creative meat dishes and spiced garnishes. 

Appetize

The Sudanese appetizers can’t all fit in the same category, as they differ in aliments and preparation methods. Still, breads with dips, rice and soups are the main Sudanese starters. Shorba is a specialty made of lamb soup, puree and peanut butter. The meal is also served with rice, but this is not a custom when serving it as an appetizer. There are many meals and breads (like Pita bread) which are served with traditional dips. Among these, there is the Sudanese yoghurt and tahini dip. This special dish, served with all kinds of veggies and meats as an appetizer is made with sesame seed and paste (locally known as tahini), plain non-fat yoghurt, minced garlic, lemon juice and chopped fresh parsley, all these spiced up with fresh black pepper. Other appetizer consists of drinks, especially herbal tea and all kinds of fruit juices (orange, grapefruit, lime) – these are served to the guests before the meal, because they are considered healthy after a journey.

Read more: Culture of Sudan - traditional, history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs http://www.everyculture.com/Sa-Th/Sudan.html#ixzz1PCfDs8w9

                               Will be continuous

Toiletry Alshigiyah and cultural assets

 Toiletry among  Alshigiyah Tribe  and cultural assets .. «1-2» Events and the reasons for the use of cosmetics

(Alshigiyah Tribe big Sudanese tribe in upper North Sudan ).There are of course many of the events involving the use of cosmetics and ornaments such as weddings and weddings in general and religious holidays and family visits and the end of the period of childbirth and the end of the mourning period for relatives or saints or the arrival of guests from relatives or travel .. Etc. However, there are certain occasions characterized by a special status, and range from the use of ornaments in performance between the ceremonial hard and overwhelming sense of joy and celebration of painting .. We will start here by talking about Jertq considering its importance and its specificity in terms of content and form.

When our discussion of the historical and cultural ornaments that Jertq Old Nubian tradition and profound, and the weather is usually required in a number of occasions, they reflect the practice in the essential content of the vision of this man and the popular interpretation of the world and Stupid accidents. There are basic jewelry consists of Jertq repeated in all the occasions, although we note some variations and additions, especially in the later stages. Jertq and ornaments in a simplified form and quantity, limited crudes in semi-precious stones, silver, gold and iron in addition to those practices associated with the moment of his work. These ornaments are:

1 - Bead 
 The most important elements Jertq at all and without it does not state Jertq - and are also mentioned due to the value of a stone being a valuable visual and tactile, physical particular. Although now replaced by the tradition of stained glass. Also be used to part octagon silver bead, although they do not sing it. Bead connecting thread of red silk in the right hand and wrist hanging down strands of red silk called «Calorie» Bead and referred to the same word as evidenced Alhriuep this word also Jertq the same .. Bead and comprehensive boy and boys are circumcised and the newlyweds and women bleeding following childbirth and in some cases Zar.
2 - Hammered
A decade of beads Alcolq must include a large bead or beads of beads worn by the couple and Alsomit Almokhtunan and bleeding following childbirth .. And have sometimes wrought as in the figure «63 a» a huge grain of Alsomit beads hanging on the chest with calories.
3 - Almhaherp
They all wore amulets of silver. In the case of Jertq used Alhvidp and splint wearing the double-headed appraisers in females and males without them.
4 - Crescent
An ornament for the front and the boy circumcised CHOOSE only.
5 - rosary Alser:
A large rosary hanging to below the waist and often from black coral.
6 - wearing the ring the pound and was hanging over the boy and boys are circumcised.
7 - attached the groom and the boy circumcised over Ktefehma sword is a symbol of masculinity and

protection at the same time.
 

 8- Omen «blind», henna «Henna»
Make a paste of powder smells of India «Pink and Custard» mixed with the odor Mahlbip liquid, and other odors, covers the surface of the head of this dough, then add the above fine powder of the promises of sandalwood and surrounded by the head of the then handkerchief red «for the groom and the boy only» installed on it at the front OrnamentAlso put henna on the day before the circumcision and before the marriage for the newlyweds

 Sudanese Henna Design

 Henna For Bride

This is the most important jewelry Jertq which is a required element in the events childbirth, circumcision and marriage. In both cases, the first and second takes Jertq character ritually purely in the case of marriage, it, in addition to this side, take the celebratory and aesthetically pleasing secured Tndhav some of its elements to the masses of other special ornaments for the bride. We will discuss the features of these events to the extent consistent with the need for our jewelry and other ornaments, as well as our approach to other appropriate for the use of jewelry is the case of Zar

 Jartig

First: childbirth:
There is a saying among the people that the rest of «neonatal death». The situation devolves means exposure to a pregnant woman because of the imminent dangers of purity because of the Pharaonic and primitive means that prevailed in obstetrics is what is known as «the birth cord». These dangers as well as a multitude of deep-rooted metaphysical concepts make it devolves appropriate mix of joy and fear, and add to the rituals and Gaara fraught with tension and dread, despite the attempts of behavioral and verbal formulas for optimism and hope.

In the previous period of Odua With the advent of the ninth month put henna on the hands and feet of a pregnant woman, and connects Mnzawma beads and shells in the form of a belt under the belly of a pregnant woman and along with Fashion Rabat, which are placed in the hair above the ear, one of silver, and hanging down, calories Jertq and a series Berugaha called Alchocao, must be caused by the swish of a particular function may be related to the terrorism of lives and driven out, and wear the ring (AP Rakuba) The stone called the stone of blood and belief that he stop the bleeding.

After childbirth linking Bead and placed Omen also burn incense component of alum «as an amulet fir protection» beads and the loan from the plant called a gumma and frankincense, and the group is considered an amulet fir protection and Talsma .. As well as poking circuit ligament in the wall opposite the bed bleeding following childbirth, or bleeding following childbirth do not leave alone especially at sunset as you shall not leave the place of darkness.

The newborn child links the string around his waist by six of the skin and is believed to be called «prevents Anbhal insisting the child» and shells is the same amulet fir protection against the kinds of evil. As well as the link in the child's hands and feet yarn, cotton is one of «the righteous» or religious «Senate or the poor» may «intention» of any read is being held offshore spells and verses from the Koran, and after forty days, remove the strings and attached veil of a small child's neck when the verses and spells, and when infancy of the child placed a splint and sometimes Alhvidp and remain in his wrist or hung over his chest «Alhvidp» At the time of circumcision are not worn after that .. After forty days out of her house bleeding following childbirth and a shower, wearing jewelry in full.

Second: Circumcision
Before circumcision one day be held banquets and celebration is being put henna «celebration for the circumcised male and female is not only the female moved with compassion, non-noise» .. After circumcision possess the boy or boys jewelery Jertq with Omen. It may be the difference between these ornaments and private counterparts Baerocn limited in the type of decoration and the degree of perfection. These ornaments for the boys circumcised much simpler and less expensive. It is noticeable that the boy next to Imithq Jertq carries a sword and a whip of the skin, as well as boys wear ring (AP Rakuba) mentioned a particular course, only females in the case of female genital mutilation and childbirth. The mother of the boy or boys, or one of the women relatives of the same status and child, jewelry Bibashma Jertq Fal, and the work associated with this process and mumbles continuum of invitations

Henna Cermoney for Groom

HennaFilm

 

 For More Info:-

http://www.rayaam.info/News_view.aspx?pid=998&id=81373

نفس الموضوع بالعربية :أدوات الزينة عندقبيلة الشايقية وأصولها الثقافية.. «1-2» مناسبات ودواعي استعمال أدوات الزينة

هناك بالطبع العديد من المناسبات التي تستخدم فيها أدوات الزينة والحلى مثل مناسبات الزواج والأفراح بصورة عامة والأعياد الدينية وزيارات الأهل وانتهاء فترة الوضوع وانتهاء فترة الحداد علي الأقارب أو الأولياء الصالحين أو قدوم ضيوف من الأقارب أو السفر.. إلخ إلاَّ ان هنالك مناسبات معينة تتميز بوضع خاص، ويتراوح استعمال الحلى فيها بين الأداء الطقسي الجاد والشعور الغامر بفرح الاحتفال والتزين.. وسنبدأ هنا بالحديث عن الجرتق بإعتبار أهميته وخصوصيته من حيث المحتوى ومن حيث الشكل.

عند مناقشتنا للأصول التاريخية والثقافية لأدوات الزينة أن الجرتق تقليد نوبي قديم ومتأصل، وعادة طقسية لازمة في عدد من المناسبات، فهي ممارسة تعكس في مضمونها الأساسي رؤية هذا الانسان الشعبي وتفسيره للعالم وحوادثه. وهناك حلى أساسية يتكون منها الجرتق  تتكرر في كل مناسباته، وإن كنا نلاحظ بعض التنويعات والاضافات خاصة في المراحل المتأخرة. وحلى الجرتق مبسطة في شكلها وكمها، وتنحصر خاماتها في الأحجار شبه الكريمة والفضة والذهب والحديد إلى جانب تلك الممارسات الخاصة المرتبطة به لحظة عمله. هذه الحلى هي:

1- الخرزة

وهي أهم عناصر الجرتق  على الاطلاق ومن دونها لا تقوم حالة الجرتق- و هي كما ذكرنا ترجع قيمتها إلى كونها حجراً ذا قيمة بصرية ولمسية وفيزيقية خاصة. وإن كان يستعاض عنها الآن بتقليدها من الزجاج الملون. كذلك تستعمل إلى جانبها خرزة المثمن الفضية وإن كانت لا تغني عنها. تربط الخرزة بخيط من الحرير الأحمر في معصم اليد اليمنى وتتدلى منها خصلات من الحرير الأحمر تسمى «حريرة» ويشار إلى الخرزة نفسها بلفظة الحريوية هذه كما تدل اللفظة أيضاً على الجرتق نفسه.. والخرزة شاملة للصبي والصبية المختونين وللعروسين والمرأة النفساء وفي بعض حالات الزار.

2-  المطرق

وهو عقد من حبات الشولق يجب ان يشتمل على حبة كبيرة أو حبات من خرز السوميت ويلبسه العروسان والمختونان والنفساء.. ويكون المطرق أحياناً كما في الشكل «63أ» حبة ضخمة من خرز السوميت تتدلى فوق الصدر مع الحريرة.

3- المشاهرة

وهي كل ما يلبس من تمائم الفضة. وفي حالة الجرتق تستعمل الحفيضة والجبيرة التي تلبس برأسين مثمنين عند الآناث ومن دونهما عند الذكور.

4- الهلال

وهي حلية الجبهة الخاصة بالعريس والصبي المختون فقط.

5- سبحة اللسر:

وهي سبحة ضخمة تتدلى إلى ما تحت الخصر وهي غالباً من المرجان الأسود.

6- يلبس خاتم الجنيه ويعلق فوق صدر الصبي و الصبية المختونين.

7- يعلق العريس والصبي المختون سيفاً فوق كتفيهما فهو رمز للرجولة وحماية في نفس الوقت.

8- الفال «الضريرة» والحناء «الحنة»

تصنع عجينة من مسحوق من الروائح الهندية «القرنفل والمحلب» الممزوجة بريحة المحلبية السائلة، وروائح أخرى، يُغطى سطح الرأس بهذه العجينة ثم يضاف من فوقها مسحوق ناعم من عود الصندل ويحاط الرأس من ثم بمنديل أحمر «بالنسبة للعريس والصبي فقط» مثبت فيه عند الجبهة حلية الهلال المذكورة وهذا بالنسبة للذكور فقط. كذلك توضع الحناء في اليوم السابق للختان وقبل الزواج بالنسبة للعروسين.

هذه هي أهم حلى الجرتق التي تعتبر عنصراً لازماً في مناسبات الوضوع والختان والزواج. وفي الحالتين الأولى والثانية يأخذ الجرتق طابعاً طقسياً بحتاً أما في حالة الزواج فإنه، إضافة لهذا الجانب، يتخذ مضموناً جمالياً احتفالياً وتنضاف بعض عناصره إلى جموع الحلى الأخرى خاصة بالنسبة للعروس. وسنتناول ملامح من هذه المناسبات بالقدر الذي يتوافق مع ضرورة عرضنا للحلى وأدوات الزينة الأخرى، وذلك إلى جانب تناولنا لمناسبة أخرى لاستعمال الحلى هي حالة الزار.

أولاً: الوضوع:

هناك قول سائر بين الناس بأن «الولادي موت». فحالة الوضوع تعني تعرض الحامل لاخطار ماحقة بسبب الطهارة الفرعونية وبسبب الوسيلة البدائية التي كانت سائدة في  التوليد وهي ما يعرف «بولادة الحبل». هذه الاخطار إلى جانب كثرة من المفاهيم الغيبية العميقة الجذور تجعل من مناسبة الوضوع مزيجاً من الفرح والخوف، وتضفى على طقوسها وقاراً مشوباً بالتوتر والرهبة، رغم المحاولات السلوكية والصيغ القولية الداعية للتفاؤل والأمل.

في الفترة السابقة للوضوع ومع حلول الشهر التاسع توضع الحناء على يدى وقدمي المرأة الحامل، ويربط منظوماً بالخرز والودع في شكل حزام تحت بطن الحامل وذلك إلى جانب حلية الرباط التي توضع في الشعر أعلى الأذن وهي من الفضة وتتدلى منها حريرة الجرتق ومجموعة سلاسل ببروقها تسمى الشوشاو، لا بد وأن يكون للحفيف الذي تحدثه وظيفة معينة ربما تتعلق بارهاب الأرواح وطردها، كما تلبس خاتم (اب راكوبة) ذا الحجر المسمى حجر الدم والمعتقد بأنه يوقف النزيف.

بعد الوضوع تربط الخرزة ويوضع الفال كما يحرق البخور المكون من الشب «باعتباره حرزاً» وحبات من نبات القرض وصمغه ويسمى باللبان، وتعتبر هذه المجموعة حرزاً وطلسماً.. كذلك تغرز حلبة الرباط في الحائط قبالة سرير النفساء، ولا تترك النفساء وحدها خاصة وقت الغروب كما يراعى عدم ترك المكان مظلماً.

أما الطفل الوليد فيربط حول خصره خيط من الجلد به ست ودعات يعتقد بأنه «يمنع انبهال مصران الطفل» والودع نفسه يعتبر حرزاً ضد أنواع الشر. كذلك تربط في يدى الطفل ورجليه خيوط قطنية يكون أحد «الصالحين» أو المتدينين «الشيوخ أو الفقراء» قد «عزم» عليها أي قرأ قبالتها تعاويذ وآيات من القرآن، وبعد أربعين يوماً تنزع هذه الخيوط ويعلق حجاب  صغير في رقبة الطفل فيه آىات وتعاويذ، وعندما يحبو الطفل توضع له الجبيرة وأحياناً الحفيضة وتظل في معصمه أو معلقة فوق صدره «الحفيضة» حتى وقت ختانة فلا يلبسها بعد ذلك.. وبعد الأربعين يوماً تخرج النفساء من بيتها وتستحم وترتدى حليها كاملة.

ثانياً: الختان

قبل الختان بيوم واحد تقام الولائم ويجري احتفال بوضع الحناء «الاحتفال  بالنسبة للذكر والمختون فقط من غير الأنثى أما الأنثى فتحنن من غير ضوضاء».. بعد الختان يتحلى الصبي أو الصبية بحلى الجرتق مع الفال. وربما يكون الاختلاف بين هذه الحلى ورصيفاتها الخاصة بالعروسين محصوراً في نوع الزخرف ودرجة الاتقان. فهذه الحلى الخاصة بالصبية المختونين أكثر بساطة واقل تكلفة. والملاحظ ان الصبي يمتشق بجانب الجرتق سيفاً ويحمل  سوطاً من الجلد، كذلك تلبس الصبية خاتم (اب راكوبة) المذكور وهو بالطبع خاص بالاناث فقط في حالة الختان والوضوع. وتقوم والدة الصبي أو الصبية، أو إحدى النسوة من الاقارب من ذات المكانة والولد، بإلباسهما حلى الجرتق وعمل الفال وترافق هذه العملية تمتمات متصلة من الدعوات

 يوبيل الذهبي لزواج دام50سنه

 

Will be continue-

      By: Bitalsudan June2011

Sudanese Civlization

History of Sudan (Part 1) 

History Background of old Sudan

What is now northern Sudan was in ancient times the kingdom of Nubia, which came under Egyptian rule after 2600 B.C. An Egyptian and Nubian civilization called Kush flourished until A.D. 350. Missionaries converted the region to Christianity in the 6th century, but an influx of Muslim Arabs, who had already conquered Egypt, eventually controlled the area and replaced Christianity with Islam. During the 1500s a people called the Funj conquered much of Sudan, and several other black African groups settled in the south, including the Dinka, Shilluk, Nuer, and Azande. Egyptians again conquered Sudan in 1874, and after Britain occupied Egypt in 1882, it took over Sudan in 1898, ruling the country in conjunction with Egypt. It was known as the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan between 1898 and 1955.

Nubin4

Nubin5

Nubin6

Nubin

 

The 20th century saw the growth of Sudanese nationalism, and in 1953 Egypt and Britain granted Sudan self-government. Independence was proclaimed on Jan. 1, 1956. Since independence, Sudan has been ruled by a series of unstable parliamentary governments and military regimes. Under Maj. Gen. Gaafar Mohamed Nimeiri, Sudan instituted fundamentalist Islamic law in 1983. This exacerbated the rift between the Arab north, the seat of the government, and the black African animists and Christians in the south. Differences in language, religion, ethnicity, and political power erupted in an unending civil war between government forces, strongly influenced by the National Islamic Front (NIF) and the southern rebels, whose most influential faction is the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA). Human rights violations, religious persecution, and allegations that Sudan had been a safe haven for terrorists isolated the country from most of the international community. In 1995, the UN imposed sanctions against it.

On Aug. 20, 1998, the United States launched cruise missiles that destroyed a pharmaceutical manufacturing facility in Khartoum which allegedly manufactured chemical weapons. The U.S. contended that the Sudanese factory was financed by Islamic militant Osama bin Laden.

 

Sufia in Sudan

 

Read more: Sudan: History, Geography, Government, and Culture — Infoplease.com http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107996.html#ixzz1NccXic2B

http://wysinger.homestead.com/kerma.html

http://www.sudanforum.net/showthread.php?t=39770

http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107996.html

Sudanese Wedding Part 2

Blue Nile Chanle show abou Wedding Cermoney and tradition

 

Aljazera Arabic Chanale Report  abou Sudanese Wedding Cermoney and tradition

Marriage between two people of different cultures and religions

•Ceremony respects the cultural and religious differences


•Wedding is major social event to be covered by local media


•Must groom must pay Durry (Money and gold to his Bride and buy clothes and other staff as well spend at laest $ 3000 party prepration
wedding is big event in sudan like Festivities are spread over several days or weeks


•Each cultureamong Sudanese Regions South /Notrth /East /West/Center  has specific traditions, ceremonies, activities, clothing, food and music but magaorty shere some of all this process .

Music and dancing

Wedding Traditions in Sudan (Bride dance)

A bridegroom ceremony is a common wedding practice in the Sudan. The bridegroom is welcomed to the wedding site with an auspicious decoration called the umbul-umbul, a type of 'wedding announcement'. The mother of the bride gives the bridegroom a garland of flowers, welcoming him into her family. She also gives him a 'keris', a hidden message encouraging him not to be disheartened while toiling for his family.

The bridegroom welcome is followed by a procession of ladies with candles, who pray for the ceremony. The bride and groom sit next to each other under an umbrella in front of the entrance to their future home with a veil covering both of their heads. The umbrella is held over the couple's head, serving not only a very practical purpose by also symbolizing esteem and respect.

The bride and groom bend forward and kiss the knees of their parents, a ceremony called sungkem, asking for forgiveness and blessing and promising to continue to serve their parents. This wedding ritual is held in front of a gargoyle fountain. Water flowing from the gargoyle suggests the continuous flow of priceless parental love for their children. A chosen man and woman, sing a special song called kidung on behalf of the parents, advising the couple to treat each other well and to live in harmony. Kidung also invokes blessing upon the couple.

An egg breaking ceremony, called nincak endog, requires the couple to stand facing each other in front of their house. The bridegroom stands outside the entrance and the bride stands inside. The ceremony is conducted by the Sudanese equivalent of an American 'maid of honor', who remains an advisor throughout the marriage. In this ceremony, seven broomsticks are burnt and thrown away, dramatizing the discarding of bad habits which endanger married life.

The groom is pronounced master of his house when the egg is broken. His bride cleans the his foot with water from a kendi, an earthen water jug which represents peace. Then she breaks the kendi and crosses over a log into the house, demonstrating willing obedience to her future husband. She is fed a dish of turmeric sticky rice with yellow spiced chicken to symbolize the last time the parents of the bride will feed their daughter.

The groom remains outside for another ceremony, which is enacted before him by a couple who sing. During this ceremony, the groom, via the vocalists, requests to enter his bride's house, and she consents when he agrees to confirm his Moslem faith. Having done so, the couple is given a barbecued spiced chicken to pull apart on a signal from the 'maid of honor'. According to tradition, the one who gets the larger piece will bring in the larger share of the family fortune. The ceremony also portrays the importance of working together to acquire fortune.

Following the wedding ceremony, dancers shower the bride and groom with wedding flowers to insure a fragrant future for the couple. A sawer, made of turmeric rice, coins, and candy, is thrown at the couple. Rice is a symbol of prosperity, and yellow is for everlasting love. The coins remind the couple to share their wealth with the less fortunate, and the candy bestows sweetness and fragrance upon their marriage. Seven candles are lit representing the direction the couple should follow to bring about a happy married life. A betel nut set near the couple is a reminder that different customs should not spoil a harmonious marriage.

Bride Dance Dress up

•Bride’s clothes are made: a red and gold dress and a garmasees


•Bride’s jewelry is gold


•Bride practices dances

Bride’s mother invites female relatives and friends and a few men to a party
•Bride dances while a woman drums on a daloka
•Women sing and clap and have fuce

Guests eat, dance and have a good time

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=joGlmmz5MQ0
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S1lw7lh_GNQ
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kC1beegwBBI&feature=related
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Algartig

 

Groom sprays the audience with perfume

     •Elderly women give the Bride and Groom a cup of milk, which they both drink as a sign of love, peace and a pure life